Acute prostatitis is an inflammatory process of the prostate, against which no man is protected. According to expert reviews, this disease is detected in half of men of childbearing age. Acute prostatitis is an infectious lesion of the prostate, accompanied by edema and the formation of purulent foci in the organ. Some symptoms appear immediately, while others are not detected until diagnosis. What are the causes of the disease, how does it manifest itself and what treatment measures are implemented?
Why is this happening?
The causes of the acute form of the disease in men lie in the infection of organs with Gram-negative (E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiela and others) and Gram-positive (streptococci, staphylococci) bacteria.
Acute bacterial prostatitis often develops as a result of urogenital infections transmitted during unprotected sex, such as:
- Chlamydia.
- Candidiasis.
- Gonorrhea.
- Trichomoniasis and a few others.
In addition, urethritis is often the cause of acute prostatitis: pathogenic bacteria enter through prostatic ducts that open in the wall of the urethra. Much less often, infection occurs when men develop acute cystitis and bacteria from the bladder enter the prostate. There is also a method of hematogenous infection, in which the pathogens are spread throughout the body through the bloodstream.
In addition to these reasons, there are others:
- Disorders of intimate life (interruption and short duration of sexual intercourse, erectile dysfunction).
- Bodily hypothermia.
- Inactivity caused by a sedentary job or lifestyle.
- Pathology of the rectum.
- Consequences of surgery on the urogenital organs.
- Respiratory viral infections.
- Stagnant phenomena that form in the vessels of the pelvis and often lead to impaired drainage from the prostate ducts.
- Difficulty defecating, varicose veins.
The causes are diverse, but they all contribute to the development of acute prostatitis.
How is the pathology manifested?
Symptoms usually depend on the stage of the inflammation.
In the catarrhal stage, the following symptoms of acute prostatitis are observed:
- Severity and painful symptoms in the genital area.
- Painful and frequent emptying of the bladder, which is of particular concern to men at night.
- Slight rise in temperature possible.
- No signs of intoxication.
On palpation, changes may not be detected or a slight enlarged prostate may be found. In men, this test causes minor pain. Symptoms of an acute type of prostatitis are also detected by tests. In the secret of the gland is found an increase in the level of leukocytes, the presence of filaments of mucus and pus, and leukocytes also appear in the urine. Timely treatment of one type of catarrhal prostatitis will allow a person to recover in a week and a half.
Acute follicular prostatitis has more intense symptoms. Men are concerned about pain in the perineal region, which is given to the sacral region, the anus. At this point, the patient feels painful urination. The pain also causes difficulty in defecating. The temperature rises to 37. 5-38 ° C.
Some symptoms are detected and diagnosed. When probing, the doctor determines that the gland has grown and thickened, while it becomes asymmetrical, when squeezed, it causes sharp pain. The number of purulent filaments and leukocytes in the urine increases, they are deposited in the urine as sediment. If adequate treatment is prescribed, the prognosis is favorable.
If the disease is not treated, the next stage develops - acute parenchymal prostatitis. The symptoms of this form of the disease in men are as follows:
- Temperatures reach 39-40 ° С.
- The patient shivers.
- There are signs of general weakness.
- Loss of appetite, but constant thirst.
- At first the urination is very frequent, difficult and after a while it stops.
- The patient suffers from constipation and gas.
Symptoms of an acute type of prostatitis are more pronounced, for example, the pain radiates to the rectal area, becomes throbbing. Sometimes the symptoms are supplemented by swelling of the pararectal tissues, in this case, the method of rectal research cannot be applied. A mixture of pus is observed in the urine. Acute illness must be treated urgently, otherwise an abscess will develop. In the event that a weakly virulent pathogen enters the body, the symptoms practically do not appear, then they say that the patient has a subacute type of prostatitis.
How to be treated?
Men are interested in the question of how to treat acute prostatitis? According to experts, the treatment of acute prostatitis is primarily based on eliminating the causes of the disease. As a rule, drugs with antimicrobial action are used. Antibiotics are selected individually in each case depending on the diagnoses made. Taking antibiotics lasts until recovery is complete. Such treatment, according to reviews of doctors, will make it possible to stop the acute processes leading to the active reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms in the tissues of the infected organ of a man. Treatment of acute prostatitis should be comprehensive.
Not only antibiotics are used, but also other drugs:
- Immunostimulating drugs.
- Means that improve blood circulation.
- Nonsteroidal inflammatory drugs.
- Vitamin complexes.
- Phytotherapy.
- Sedatives and antidepressants.
Preparations with analgesic and antispasmodic effects can relieve men from unpleasant painful sensations. A similar effect is exerted by suppositories for introduction into the anus with an anesthetic in the composition. Suppositories, as a rule, have antibacterial properties, gently acting directly on the cause of the disease - the pathogen. At home, rectal suppositories with sea buckthorn oil, propolis, honey, as well as enemas with a warm decoction of herbs will help to cope with the pain.
In order to normalize the metabolic processes of the prostate in men and accelerate the regeneration of damaged tissue, a course of bioregulatory peptides is prescribed. Treatment also includes immunostimulants and modulators, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tablets or injections), injectable solutions and vitamin complexes.
If antibiotics or NSAIDs do not cope with the infection, hormones are included in the treatment.
Once the main symptoms of acute prostatitis have been eliminated, the treatment is supplemented with physiotherapy:
- Electrophoresis.
- Prostate massage.
- microwave and a few others.
A good effect, as evidenced by the reviews of patients, is the treatment of prostatitis with phytopreparations.
These drugs are recommended for home use for preventive purposes. Herbal tablets can replace decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs prepared at home.
Symptoms of the acute type of prostatitis perfectly eliminate decoctions of flowers of tansy, hop cones, celandine. Field horsetail, calamus root, chamomile are effective.
With a significant delay in the flow of urine in acute prostatitis, a catheter is not inserted; treatment is carried out by excision of the wall of the bladder - cystotomy.
If an abscess of the prostate is diagnosed, treatment is performed surgically, while the abscess is opened and the cavity is drained. In the acute form, bed rest is shown, as well as the refusal of sexual relations, diet foods.
As the reviews of doctors testify, the rapid identification of the causes of the acute form of the disease and a competently carried out treatment process can cure the disease in a fairly short time.